Different neurological conditions can be associated with distinct patterns of brainwave activity. Neurofeedback training can be tailored to target specific brainwave patterns related to certain neurological conditions.

The goal of neurofeedback training is to help individuals learn how to modulate their brainwave patterns towards more desired states. For example, if someone has excessive slow-wave activity associated with anxiety or depression, the neurofeedback training may aim to teach them to increase their faster brainwave activity associated with relaxation and focus.